左图为正常睾丸，右图为萎缩睾丸。双侧睾丸萎缩在多种情况下都能发生，包括慢性酒精中毒、垂体功能减退、动脉粥样硬化、化疗或放疗以及严重的迁延性疾病。另外，隐睾、炎症也可导致萎缩。腮腺炎也可引起睾丸炎及其萎缩。
On the left is a normal testis. On the right is a testis that has undergone atrophy. Bilateral atrophy may occur with a variety of conditions including chronic alcoholism, hypopituitarism, atherosclerosis, chemotherapy or radiation, and severe prolonged illness. A cryptorchid testis will also be atrophic. Inflammation may lead to atrophy. Mumps, the most common cause for orchitis, usually has a patchy pattern of involvement that does not lead to sterility.
