 |
显微镜下，中性粒细胞内可见的革兰氏染色阴性的双球菌，为脑膜炎奈瑟球菌。腰穿抽取脑液可进行革兰氏染色和细菌培养。许多细菌都可能引起脑膜炎，但是几种最常见,并且特定的年龄段发生的机率更大。如大肠杆菌、嗜血流感杆菌、脑膜炎奈瑟菌、肺炎链球菌。 |
Microscopically, a gram stain reveals gram negative diplococci within a neutrophil, typical for Neisseria meningitidis. Gram stain and culture can be performed on cerebrospinal fluid obtained via lumbar puncture. A variety of bacteria can cause meningitis, but several are more common, and have an incidence more frequent at certain ages:
| ORGANISM |
PEAK AGE INCIDENCE |
GRAM STAIN |
| Escherichia coli |
Neonates |
Gram negative rods |
| Hemophilus influenzae |
Infants and Children |
Gram negative coccobacilli |
| Neisseria meningitidis |
Adolescents and Young adults |
Gram negative diplococci |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Older adults or Children |
Gram positive cocci in chains |
|
