大脑基底动脉环模式图

大脑基底动脉环。图示一颅内小动脉瘤位于右颈内动脉末端分叉处。颅内小动脉瘤最常见的部位是前交通动脉和大脑前动脉及三支动脉(大脑中动脉、颈内动脉、后交通动脉)分叉处。在所有动脉瘤中椎基底动脉瘤发生率<10%。多重动脉瘤发生率大约在20%到30%之间。

ACA 大脑前动脉 AComA 前交通动脉
ICA 颈内动脉 MCA 大脑中动脉
PComA 后交通动脉 PCA 大脑后动脉
SCA 小脑上动脉 BA 基底动脉
VA 椎动脉 AICA 小脑下前动脉
PICA 小脑下后动脉 ASA 脊髓前动脉

The cerebral arterial circulation at the base of the brain is diagrammed here. A berry aneurysm is diagrammed at the final bifurcation of the right internal carotid artery. The most common locations for berry aneurysms are in the region of the anterior communicating and anterior cerebral, at the trifurcation of the middle cerebral, and at the bifurcation of internal carotid with posterior communicating. Vertebral-basilar aneurysms comprise <10% of cases. Multiple aneurysms occur in about 20 to 30% of cases.

Abbr	Name of Artery	Distribution
ACA	Anterior Cerebral Artery	Supplies most medial portions of frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes
AComA	Anterior Communicating Artery	Connects the anterior cerebral arteries at their closest juncture
ICA	Internal Carotid Artery	Ascends through base of skull to give rise to the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, and connect with posterior half of circle of Willis via posterior communicating artery
MCA	Middle Cerebral Artery	Trifurcates into temporal, frontal, and parietal branches that supply most of the parenchyma of these lobes
PComA	Posterior Communicating Artery	Connects the anterior circle of Willis with the posterior cerebral artery of vertebral-basilar circulation posteriorly
PCA	Posterior Cerebral Artery	Supplies the occipital lobe and the inferior portion of temporal lobe. A branch supplies the choroid plexus.
SCA	Superior Cerebellar Artery	Supplies the dorsal cerebellum, pons, and midbrain
BA	Basilar Artery	Formed by the junction of the two vertebral arteries, it terminates as a bifurcation into the posterior cerebral arteries
AICA	Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery	Supplies the inferior cerebellum and portions of pons and medulla
VA	Vertebral Artery	The vertebrals emerge from the posterior base of skull and merge to form the basilar artery
PICA	Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery	Supplies the posterior cerebellum, choroid plexus in 4th ventricle, and portions of medulla
ASA	Anterior Spinal Artery	Descends along the anterior (ventral) aspect of the spinal cord